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  Citation statistics : Table of Contents
   2015| September-October  | Volume 8 | Issue 5  
    Online since September 10, 2015

 
 
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Relationship between development of accessory maxillary sinus and chronic sinusitis
Caner Sahin, Muge Ozcan, Adnan Unal
September-October 2015, 8(5):606-608
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164978  
Background: We aimed to investigate whether there is a relationship between development of accessory maxillary osmium (AMO) and chronic sinusitis. Material and Methods: A total of 100 patients who had endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) constituted the study group while 100 patients who had septoplasty were taken as the control group. The patients were examined for the presence of AMO using rigid endoscope. Results: The prevalence of AMO was 14% in the rhinosinusitis group and 9% in the control group. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study revealed that AMO prevalence is significantly higher in patients with CRS when compared with the controls. CRS may enhance perforation of fontanelle and formation of AMO.
  7 4,435 267
CASE REPORTS
Coexistence of leprosy and pulmonary tuberculosis: An uncommon entity
Ajay Kumar Verma, Arpita Singh, Ved Prakash, Ankit Bhatia, Surya Kant
September-October 2015, 8(5):675-677
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164954  
The association of two of the oldest diseases of mankind, leprosy and tuberculosis (TB) has been uncommonly reported in the literature. Herein, we report a known case of leprosy subsequently associated with sputum positive TB complicated by a type-II lepra reaction. There is a need for screening of patients for TB in patients diagnosed with leprosy to prevent the accidental misuse of an important drug, rifampicin to prevent the possibility of drug-resistant TB.
  6 10,575 366
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Evaluation of phenotypic tests and screening markers for detection of metallo-β-lactamases in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A prospective study
Shikha Ranjan, Gunjiganur Shankarappa Banashankari, Poolakunta Ramaiah Sreenivasa Babu
September-October 2015, 8(5):599-605
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164977  
Purpose: This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of metallo-β-lactamases (MBL)-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates obtained from various clinical samples and to compare the diagnostic strength of different phenotypic MBL-detection tests and also to know the performance of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) disk potentiation test (PT) which is the least studied. Materials and Methods: This study included 160 nonconsecutive isolates of P. aeruginosa collected over a period of 1-year. Resistance to carbapenems and ceftazidime was used for screening of isolates. Positively screened isolates were further subjected to five different MBL detecting phenotypic tests-MBL Epsilometer test (E-test), combined disk test (CDT), double-disk synergy test (DDST), EDTA disk PT using four cephalosporins and modified Hodge test (MHT). MBL E-test was considered as gold standard for MBL detection. Results: Based on the screening criteria for MBL production, 66 isolates were screened positive. The prevalence of MBL producing isolates of P. aeruginosa was 15% (24/160) based on E-test result. MHT showed the highest sensitivity (87.5%), followed by CDT (79.2%), while specificity was highest for DDST (100%), followed by PT (95.2%). Out of 24 MBL producers, 15 isolates (62.5%) were resistant to both imipenem (IPM) and meropenem. Conclusion: The early detection of MBL-producing P. aeruginosa may help inappropriate antimicrobial therapy and avoid the development and dissemination of these strains. Hence, routine detection of MBL production in P. aeruginosa should be undertaken. We recommend that all IPM and/meropenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates should be routinely screened for MBL production using CDT and the positive isolates may further be confirmed by MBL E-test or PCR. EDTA disk PT had low sensitivity.
  6 4,704 553
A cross-sectional study of gender differentials in disability assessed on World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 among rural elderly of Maharashtra
Dattatraya Ramkrishna Sinalkar, Rajesh Kunwar, Renuka Kunte, Madhuri Balte
September-October 2015, 8(5):594-598
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164975  
Background: Disability is important public health problem especially among elderly. Gender difference between disability statuses of elderly is quite obvious. Very little information about disability in a rural area hinders the proper formulation of policies. Objectives: This study determines role of selected socio-demographic factors in explaining gender differences in disability among rural elderly. Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out from January 12 to December 12. 227 (Two hundred and twenty seven)(aged 60 years and above) were selected from a rural village of Pune, Maharashtra. Data collected using newly published World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. Chi-square test and odds ratio used for determining the association. Results: The result confirms higher prevalence of disability among females than that of males. Disability was found to be statistically significant with gender. Marital status and education were effect modifier of disability. Disability in mobility was most common. In almost all domain disability was more common among elderly women. Conclusion: Greater prevalence of disability among aging women compared with men requires more attention to be given toward them for proper planning of scarce health services.
  4 3,422 329
Occurrence of catheter-associated urinary tract infection in critical care units
Chanda R Vyawahare, Nageswari R Gandham, Rabindra Nath Misra, Savita V Jadhav, Neetu S Gupta, Kalpana M Angadi
September-October 2015, 8(5):585-589
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164974  
Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is the most common nosocomial infection. The etiological agents of which may be varied. Advancing age, debilitation, diabetes mellitus, duration of catheterization are the risk factors. Complications include prostatitis, epididymitis, cystitis, pyelonephritis and septicemia in high-risk patients, adding to hospitalization and morbidity. With this background the present study was undertaken Objectives: (1) To identify microbial pathogens associated with urinary tract infection (UTI) in catheterized patients from Intensive Care Units (ICU) (2) to determine the susceptibility pattern of these isolates to antimicrobial agents (3) to determine the effect of days of catheterization and UTI. Materials and Methods: Consecutive urine samples of 345 catheterized patients admitted in ICUs were included in the study. They were processed by standard microbiological procedures. Isolated organisms were speciated, and antibiotic susceptibility performed as per standard guidelines. Results: From the 345 urine samples of catheterized patients, 205 showed no growth and were found to be sterile. Bacterial growth was seen in 69 patients and fungal growth in 50 patients. Among the bacterial isolates, Escherichia coli were isolated in 39, followed by Klebsiella spp. 14. The other isolates included Pseudomonas spp., Group D streptococci and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. In the fungal isolates, Candida glabrata was the most common isolate. High resistance was seen among Klebsiella isolates (nalidixic acid-86% and cefotaxime-86%). Conclusion: Development of CAUTI is common in critically ill patients. Emphasis should be placed on good catheter management and reducing the duration of catheterization rather than prophylaxis in order to reduce the incidence of catheter-related UTI. Culture and susceptibility testing play a vital role in the management if UTI occurs.
  4 6,157 641
An epidemiological and clinico-histopathological study of leprosy in semi-urban area under Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation in Pune district of Maharashtra
Alia A Rizvi, Yugal K Sharma, Kedarnath Dash, Neha Tyagi, Ridhima Yadava, Dinkar Sadana
September-October 2015, 8(5):609-613
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164979  
Background: Despite having been declared eliminated in December 2005 from India as a public health problem, the prevalence of leprosy exceeds 1/10,000 population in certain districts/states of India. A spurt in its prevalence by 60% - from 0.74 to 1.18 within 1-year from 2012 to 2013 in the area under Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation (PCMC) of Pune district of Maharashtra, wherein our institution is located, motivated us to carry out this study. Aims and Objectives: This prospective study entailed recording of the epidemiological data of cases of leprosy and carrying out correlation of their clinical and histopathological diagnoses as per Ridley–Jopling scale along with inclusion of indeterminate and pure neuritic types. Materials and Methods: Eighty fresh untreated patients hailing from areas under PCMC–in whom leprosy was clinically considered to be either the diagnosis or the differential diagnosis-reporting to the department of dermatology of our tertiary care hospital were enrolled. Their age, sex, and clinical findings were recorded on a proforma. Slit skin and scrape smear were stained by the Ziehl–Neelsen method. Punch biopsies–processed and stained by hematoxylin and eosin and Fite-Faraco method for morphological assessment and identification of the lepra bacilli, respectively–were evaluated histopathologically and a clinico-histopathological correlation, attempted. Results: Male to female ratio of the study patients was 2.3:1; their age ranged from 14 to 74 (mean, 36.67) years. The overall clinico-histopathological concordance observed was 70%. Five cases of indeterminate leprosy (IL) emerged on histopathological examination from among the nine skin biopsies on patients of dermatoses mimicking leprosy (pityriasis alba, postinflammatory hypopigmentation, nevus depigmentosus, etc.). Conclusion: This study enabled us to detect additional cases of IL (from among dermatoses mimicking leprosy) and led to more accurate typing, thereby underscoring the importance of clinico-histopathological correlation as an important diagnostic aid.
  3 6,402 448
CASE REPORTS
Bifid rib: A rare anomaly
Mythili Krishnan Rathinasabapathi, Haresh Kumar Perumallapalli
September-October 2015, 8(5):670-671
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164952  
A case of the bifid rib was found during routine bone study. The distal part of the osseous rib bifurcated into two divisions with an angle of 60°. Both divisions had their own costal cartilage. Bifid rib is a congenital abnormality of the rib cage and usually asymptomatic, often discovered incidentally on chest X-ray. Effects of this neuroskeletal anomaly can include respiratory difficulties and neurological limitations.
  2 16,700 382
Black pancreatic neuro-endocrine tumor: A rare finding
Shailja Puri Wahal, Neha Mohindroo, Shobla Mohindroo
September-October 2015, 8(5):653-655
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164951  
Pigmented lesions most commonly encountered in any organ are due to deposition of melanin in primary or metastatic malignant melanoma. Other less common pigments are lipofuscin and neuromelanin. Lipofuscin and neuromelanin are usually associated with benign lesions. Differentiating melanin from lipofuscin and neuromelanin is important as the former is usually associated with malignancy. However, melanin can occur in benign lesion also. All there pigments are differentiated by histopathological examination, histochemical stain, and immunohistochemistry. Black pigment is associated with black adenoma of the adrenal gland, neuro-endocrine tumor of lung, and foregut; however, it is rarely seen in neuro-endocrine tumor of the pancreas. We report a case of 61-year-old male patient with neuro-endocrine tumor of the pancreas associated with extensive deposition of black-colored melanin pigment.
  2 2,497 176
Intramuscular lipoma of tongue: A common tumor at an uncommon site
Shailaja Prabhala, Erukkambattu Jayashankar, Mereddy Srinivas Reddy, Ramamurti Tanikella
September-October 2015, 8(5):656-658
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164958  
Lipomas are common benign soft tissue tumors and usually occur in the back, neck and shoulder regions. Intraoral lipomas are infrequent, and its occurrence in the tongue is uncommon. Owing to the unusual site and a possible correlation to traumatic etiology, we report a case of lingual lipoma in a 75-year-old male.
  2 2,832 200
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: A rare presentation with lung and abdominal metastasis
Rupam Kumar Ta, Sourindra Nath Banerjee
September-October 2015, 8(5):663-666
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164949  
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is an uncommon locally invasive, slow-growing tumor of the skin and the subcutaneous tissue. The skin lesion appears initially as a single, raised, red to bluish, firm cutaneous nodule or plaque with surrounding discoloration. It occurs usually at middle age with a male preponderance with an annual incidence of nearly 0.8 cases/million. The tumor occurs predominantly on the trunk followed by the proximal extremities and in the head and neck area. Even after wide surgical excision which is the standard treatment, it often recurs and becomes progressive with reported recurrence rate in the literature between 10% and 80% of cases. Distant metastasis is rarely observed with a rate of 4-6% and occurs mostly after repeated local recurrence. The lung is the most common site of distal metastasis. Metastasis to abdominal as well peri-intestinal site with serosal implant was rarely reported. Metastasis was histologically confirmed. We are reporting this case as a rare presentation of DFSP with distal multiple metastases to the lung and abdomen occurring 8 years after initial diagnosis and so emphasize on long-term regular follow-up.
  1 5,659 212
Median arcuate ligament syndrome: A diagnosis on CT abdominal angiography in cases of non-specific abdominal pain
Shubreet Randhawa, Abhijit M Patil, Avinash B Kelkar, Abhimanyu B Kelkar
September-October 2015, 8(5):645-648
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164947  
The median arcuate ligament syndrome (or celiac artery compression syndrome) is a rare disorder characterized by post-prandial intestinal angina due to insufficient blood supply to the gastrointestinal organs. This syndrome was first described in the year 1963 by Harjola, where compression of the celiac artery by the median arcuate ligament was noted. Otherwise, this syndrome is a source of controversy in the literature due to its high incidence in otherwise asymptomatic individuals. Various radiological imaging modalities with computed tomography (CT) angiography, the most widely used modality, help in diagnosing this syndrome that can then be surgically corrected. This case report aims at the CT angiography findings in symptomatic patients.
  1 6,691 300
Management of aggressive periodontitis patient with implant supported prosthesis
Garima Jain, Rajesh Kumar, Shrikant Vishnu Dhodapkar, Gagan Jaiswal
September-October 2015, 8(5):625-629
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.160981  
Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) comprises a group of rare, often severe, rapidly progressive forms of periodontitis which is characterized by an early age of clinical manifestations. It usually affects people under 30 years of age, but patients may be older. Microbiota associated are Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The presence of highly pathogenic bacteria, severe periodontal bone destruction and the refractory nature of this disease tends to deter the clinician from placing implants in these patients. This case report demonstrates the placement of implants in a patient with AgP with successful 18 months follow-up.
  1 10,179 560
Intracranial neurenteric cyst traversing the brainstem
Jasmit Singh, Hrushikesh Kharosekar, Vernon Velho, Pravin Survashe
September-October 2015, 8(5):630-632
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164969  
Neurenteric cysts (NECs), also called enterogenous cysts, are rare benign endodermal lesions of the central nervous system that probably result from separation failure of the notochord and upper gastrointestinal tract. Most frequently they are found in the lower cervical spine or the upper thoracic spine. Intracranial occurrence is rare and mostly confined to infratentorial compartment, in prepontine region [51%]. Other common locations are fourth ventricle and cerebellopontine angle. There are few reports of NEC in medulla or the cerebellum. Because of the rarity of the disease and common radiological findings, they are misinterpreted as arachnoid or simple cysts until the histopathological confirmation, unless suspected preoperatively. We herein report a rare yet interesting case of intracranial NEC traversing across the brainstem.
  1 3,067 232
EDITORIAL
New journals and Catch 22
Amitav Banerjee
September-October 2015, 8(5):579-581
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164945  
  1 3,058 290
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
Principles and practice of plagiarism: Perpetrators' perspective
M Banyameen Iqbal, Tushar Kambale
September-October 2015, 8(5):681-682
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164941  
  1 2,009 165
Insulin degludec: A novel ultra-acting basal insulin: Potential usefulness in hospitalized patients
Sukhminder Jit Singh Bajwa, Sanjay Kalra, Sukhwinder Kaur Bajwa
September-October 2015, 8(5):690-692
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164970  
  1 1,971 190
Community acquired pyodermas and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Yukti Sharma, Sanjay Jain
September-October 2015, 8(5):692-694
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164968  
  1 1,902 144
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Correlation of high sensitive C-reactive protein with cardiac markers in the diagnosis of acute coronary artery disease: A study of 100 cases
Reshma H Gurunani, Atul Shrivastav, Alpesh M Maru, Tejas S Choksi, Ashok S Agnihotri
September-October 2015, 8(5):614-618
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164976  
Introduction: High sensitive C-reactive protein (HS-CRP) is very sensitive acute phase reactant of inflammation. It is hypothesized that a relationship exists between HS-CRP and acute coronary artery disease (CAD). Materials and Methods: Consecutive sampling of 100 patients were done who presented with acute attack of CAD. In all these patients, Serum analysis for cardiac markers such as troponin-T and creatine phosphokinase-MB (CPK-MB) and serum analysis for quantitative estimation of HS-CRP were done along with few other parameters. Results: In our study, HS-CRP was raised in 90% of patients, along with CPK-MB and troponin-T and as an acute phase reactant, it showed parallel rise in total leukocyte count and absolute neutrophil count. The correlation scatter graphs were plotted, which were found to be statistically significant, (P < 0.05). Conclusion: HS-CRP as an acute phase reactant correlates with other acute phase reactants such as total leukocyte count and absolute neutrophil count and also the rise in HS-CRP value in patients of acute CAD correlates with CPK-MB and troponin-T, so that it can be used as a marker for diagnostic purpose in these patients.
  1 2,654 285
CASE REPORT
Mullerian dysgenesis with bilateral inguinal hernia
Rohan Khairatkar
September-October 2015, 8(5):679-680
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164967  
The 45-year-female patient came with complaints of bilateral groin pain since 1-year. Clinical examination revealed bilateral groin swelling with cough impulse. Ultrasonography (USG) revealed Mullerian dysgenesis with two separate noncommunicating uterine tissues and two ovaries. USG showed bilateral inguinal hernia with herniation of right ovary in right inguinal canal and left fallopian tube in left inguinal canal. Exploration of both inguinal canal revealed underdeveloped uterus, fallopian tube and ovary. Patient underwent bilateral hernioplasty.
  - 2,893 202
CASE REPORTS
An unusual consequence of an usual condition: Spontaneous psoas urinoma in a case of urinary tract obstruction
Hardik Uresh Shah, Bhagya Sannananja, Varun Laxman, Chinmay Nagesh
September-October 2015, 8(5):667-669
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164964  
Urinoma and urine leaks can occur at any level from the calyx to the urethra. An urinoma is an encapsulated collection of urine in any confined space or may present as ascites. Urinoma can occur due to multiple causes involving two broad categories-nonobstructive and obstructive. We present a rare case of urinoma in the iliopsoas compartment in a case of urinary tract obstruction due to ureteric calculus. Though, urinomas in various compartments including the iliopsoas are a relatively common occurrence due to iatrogenic trauma like pelvic, gynecological, retroperitoneal and gynecologic surgeries; obstructive causes including ureteric calculi are rare and even rarely reported. Timely recognition and treatment of this uncommon condition is important to avoid complications like abscess formation and electrolyte imbalances.
  - 3,519 200
Solitary eosinophilic granuloma of humerus in a 2-month-old infant: A case report with 3 years follow-up
Prateek S Joshi, Kamlesh N Devmurari
September-October 2015, 8(5):659-662
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164962  
Eosinophilic granulomais (EG) a benign self-limiting disease which belongs to the spectrum of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. It is characterized by single or multiple skeletal lesions involving skull, mandible, ribs, spine and long bones predominately in children <12 years. We report a relatively rare case of left proximal humerus solitary EG in a month old infant who was brought to us with reduced movements of left upper limb and swelling of left shoulder. X-ray revealed osteolytic lesion in left upper humerus. No associated lesions were revealed by other imaging modalities. Open biopsy and curettage of lesion revealed proliferation of histiocytes with an infiltration of eosinophils. Immunohistochemistry was positive for S-100 and CD1a. Hence, diagnosis of solitary EG was made. Baby was followed up every 6 monthly for 3 years. There was no evidence of recurrence or detection of new lesion elsewhere at last follow-up.
  - 3,529 195
Craniofrontonasal dysplasia syndrome: A rare case
Biswajit Biswas, Monojit Mondal, Atanu Roy, Rajib Das
September-October 2015, 8(5):672-674
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164955  
Craniofrontonasal dysplasia syndrome (CFND) (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man database Number 304110), first described as a distinct entity by Professor Michael Cohen from Canada in 1979, is a very rare X-linked inherited disorder characterized by abnormalities of the head and face (cranio-facial area), hands and feet, and certain skeletal bones. Phenotypic expression varies greatly amongst affected individuals, where females are more commonly and generally more severely affected than males. We are presenting a newborn with this rare and peculiar syndrome, probably the first case from India to make physicians aware of this condition, so that more number of cases are being reported to help establishing an uniform clinical diagnostic criteria for CFND in the near future.
  - 3,895 241
Bilateral acute cerebellar infarcts in a young patient
Chandrashekhar A Sohoni
September-October 2015, 8(5):633-635
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164943  
Stroke in the young population though unusual is being reported with increasing frequency. A very interesting case of posterior circulation stroke in young male is reported here. Multiple focal acute infarcts in bilateral cerebellar hemispheres were seen. Magnetic resonance angiography revealed an unpaired left posterior inferior cerebellar artery supplying both cerebellar hemispheres, which explained the bilateral involvement. The only positive finding on further investigation was presence of hyperhomocyteinemia, which suggested underlying hypercoagulable status and thromboembolism as the possible mechanism of stroke.
  - 7,127 306
Atlanto-occipital fusion: A case report
Monalisa , Subhendu Pandit, Rajan Bhatnagar
September-October 2015, 8(5):636-638
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164963  
The atlas is the first cervical vertebra. In the history of anatomy, due to its primary function of supporting the skull, it has been innumerably compared with Atlas the Greek God, who holds the globe of the earth on his shoulders. This vertebra is devoid of a body and has two prominent lateral masses bearing a pair of superior concave facets and inferior smooth facets each. Atlanto-occipital fusion may be unilateral or bilateral, complete or incomplete and symptomatic or asymptomatic. In our, case atlanto-occipital fusion was observed in the skull of a male cadaver. Our study will be of significance to clinicians in the specialties of radiodiagnosis, orthopedics, neurosurgery and anesthesiology. Because of a lack of knowledge of developmental malformation in the craniocervical region, sudden death can occur during clinical manipulation. Head and neck surgeons must keep in mind that such anomaly can exist without any prior symptoms. The specimen seen represents a case of congenital fusion. The articular processes of the specimen are fused between the occipital and the atlas bones. Atlanto-occipital fusion decreases the diameter of the foramen magnum and produce neurovascular symptoms.
  - 3,306 211
Pancarditis in a patient with tropical pyomyositis due to Aeromonas infection
Nikhil Gupta, Puneet Chabbra, Nikhil Nair, Laxmikant Ramkumarsingh Tomar
September-October 2015, 8(5):639-641
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164960  
Tropical pyomyositis is a suppurative disease of the skeletal muscles. The most common site of the infection being muscles of the thigh. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common organism isolated. Aeromonas is one of the rarest organisms described as the etiologic agent for this disease. Rarely, cardiac involvement in pyomyositis has been described in the form of myocarditis and pyopericardium. Pancarditis is a very rare event in the natural course of pyomyositis. To the best of our knowledge, there is a single case report in world literature regarding involvement of all the layers of the heart in pyomyositis. We report a case of a 30-year-old immunocompetent male who had pyomyositis and developed pancarditis, which was managed successfully with conservative management.
  - 3,310 142
Lamellar icthyosis with bilateral cicatricial ectropion: Case report with review of the literature
Sonia P Jain
September-October 2015, 8(5):642-644
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164959  
Lamellar ichthyosis (LI), is a rare genodermatoses, that appears at birth and continues throughout a person's life with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. At birth, most affected infants present as collodion babies, and after shedding the membrane, develop scaling over the body in the localized or generalized pattern. Here, we describe this rare condition of lamellar icthyosis with bilateral cicatricial ectropion in a 21-month-old male child. Treatment with topical emollients for skin and eye drops containing antibiotic to prevent secondary infection with eye lubricants were started. We are reporting this case as dermatological and ocular complications had developed in the baby at such a tender age which could have been minimized if treatment were sought earlier by the parents.
  - 3,301 217
Neurofibromatosis 2
Abhijit M Patil, Shubreet Randhawa, Abhimanyu B Kelkar, Rushikesh A Naik
September-October 2015, 8(5):649-652
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164956  
Neurofibromatosis 2 is a rare autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disorder classically characterized by bilateral acoustic schwannomas. Multiple other central, as well as peripheral central nervous system neoplasms as meningiomas and ependymomas, are also associated. We present here a case of 18-year-old female with bilateral hearing loss. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and spine showed multiple intracranial and intra-spinal neoplasms. Bilateral large acoustic and other cranial nerve schwannomas, along with multiple spinal neurofibromas were present. Based on these MRI findings a diagnosis of neurofibromatosis was made.
  - 3,324 227
COMMENTARY
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein: Myths and facts
Harsh Shah
September-October 2015, 8(5):618-619
  - 12,836 233
Concurrent leprosy and pulmonary tuberculosis
Viroj Wiwanitkit
September-October 2015, 8(5):678-678
  - 1,548 138
Testicular torsion
Bharat Bhushan Dogra
September-October 2015, 8(5):623-624
  - 1,846 138
Impacted third molar: An oral surgeon's perspective
Yadavalli Guruprasad
September-October 2015, 8(5):684-685
  - 1,760 151
GUEST EDITORIAL
Role of high resolution ultrasound in evaluation of soft tissue foreign bodies
Amit T Kharat, Akshay Ajit Shah
September-October 2015, 8(5):582-584
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164944  
  - 2,824 221
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
Adrenal hemangioma: A rare adrenal lesion
Binit Sureka, Veena Singh, Mukul Sinha, Mahesh Kumar Mittal
September-October 2015, 8(5):685-686
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164957  
  - 2,566 155
Split hand sign
Prasanna Venkatesan Eswaradass, Balakrishnan Ramasamy, Ramadoss Kalidoss, Gnanagurusamy Gnanashanmugham
September-October 2015, 8(5):686-687
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164966  
  - 58,325 354
Neurological image of the child with neural tube defect (meningomyelocele) with Arnold-Chiari malformation type 1 with syringomyelia with obstructive hydrocephalus: Observation of folic acid supplementation failure in eliminating the risk of NTD in neonate of the mother taking anti-epileptic medicine
Hemanth Parakh, Monica Sachdeva Kapoor, Deepak Sharma, Aniruddha Deshpande
September-October 2015, 8(5):688-690
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164972  
  - 2,802 203
Ophthalmic examination for diagnosis of Alport syndrome
Shrikant Deshpande
September-October 2015, 8(5):682-683
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164950  
  - 2,354 162
Like appendix like third molars: Vestigial organs?
Ujwala Rohan Newadkar
September-October 2015, 8(5):683-684
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164946  
  - 5,986 233
Ethics in medical research: Difficult not impossible
Rashmi Patnayak, Amitabh Jena
September-October 2015, 8(5):694-695
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164953  
  - 1,529 195
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Testicular torsion-warrants urgent scrotal exploration
RM Aravind, N Sangara Narayanan, B Rajeswari, KS Ravishankar
September-October 2015, 8(5):620-623
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164971  
Testicular torsion remains a common surgical emergency of adolescent males.[1] The risk of a male developing torsion of testis by the age of 25 is about 1 in 160. It predominantly occurs in adolescent age group and has been identified as a cause of male infertility. Various predisposing conditions include inversion of testis, high investment of tunica vaginalis, etc.[2] In a suspected case, Doppler ultrasound of scrotum is the investigation of choice; failing which exploration of the scrotum is the option left out. In our case series, we present cases with different mode of presentation to highlight the serious implications of misdiagnosis of testicular torsion. Objective: The aim was to determine the surgical outcome of all scrotal explorations performed on patients presenting with acute scrotal pain suspicious of testicular torsion. Materials and Methods: This was a surgical audit on a series of cases of testicular torsion. The cases included in the study were those in whom the diagnosis was either testicular torsion or orchitis. For each case the following details were captured; age of the individual, time of presentation, findings on surgery, confirmation of diagnosis after surgery and outcome of the patient's testis involved. Observations: With the above methodology, findings were recorded from 10 patients and analyzed. Conclusion: 6 h is a very short time in which everything that should be done has to be accomplished to save a testis that has undergone torsion.
  - 4,864 197
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Tuberculosis in children of HIV-infected parents
Dhrubajyoti J Debnath, Shubhada Suresh Javadekar
September-October 2015, 8(5):590-593
DOI:10.4103/0975-2870.164973  
Context: Tuberculosis (TB) in children of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected parents is of concern.Aims: To study the proportion of children of HIV-infected parents who suffered from TB and to study some of the associated risk factors.Settings and Design: Cross-sectional study design.Materials and Methods: Ethical approval and informed consent were taken. A total of 385 children of HIV-infected parents were studied for TB.Statistical Analysis Used: Proportion, Chi-square test.Results: In the study, it was found that there were 191 (49.6%) HIV-positive children, 136 (35.6%) HIV negative children and in 58 (14.8%) children, the HIV status was unknown. 53 (13.8%) out of 385 children had suffered from TB. Among these 50 children were HIV positive and three children were HIV negative.Conclusions: The only significant risk factor for TB in children of HIV-infected parents was HIV infection in children. Therefore, it is recommended that the HIV positive parents should be counseled to get their children tested at an integrated counseling and testing center because it was found that 15% of children had unknown HIV status. Once it is known that the child has HIV infection, effective measures should be taken to prevent TB since they are significantly at an increased risk of TB.
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